From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Arab Republic of Egypt is a sovereign country located in eastern North Africa that includes the Sinai Peninsula, a land bridge to Asia.^[1] Covering an area of about 1,001,450 square kilometers (386,660 sq mi), Egypt borders Libya to the west, Sudan to the south and the Gaza Strip and Israel to the east. Its northern coast borders the Mediterranean Sea; the eastern coast borders the Red Sea.

Egypt is one of the most populous countries in Africa. The great majority of its estimated 80 million people (2007) live near the banks of the Nile River, in an area of about 40,000 square kilometers (15,000 sq mi), where the only arable agricultural land is found. The large areas of the Sahara Desert are sparsely inhabited. About half of Egypt's residents live in the densely-populated centres of greater Cairo, Alexandria and other major cities in the Nile Delta.

Egypt is famous for its ancient civilization and some of the world's most famous monuments, including the Giza pyramid complex and its Great Sphinx. The southern city of Luxor contains numerous ancient artefacts, such as the Karnak Temple and the Valley of the Kings. Egypt is widely regarded as an important political and cultural nation of the Middle East.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Egypt:

Contents 1 General reference 2 Geography of Egypt 2.1 Environment of Egypt 2.1.1 Geographic features of Egypt 2.2 Regions of Egypt 2.2.1 Ecoregions of Egypt 2.2.2 Administrative divisions of Egypt 2.2.2.1 Governorates of Egypt 2.2.2.2 Municipalities of Egypt 2.3 Demography of Egypt 3 Government and politics of Egypt 3.1 Branches of the government of Egypt 3.1.1 Executive branch of the government of Egypt 3.1.2 Legislative branch of the government of Egypt 3.1.3 Judicial branch of the government of Egypt 3.2 Foreign relations of Egypt 3.2.1 International organization membership 3.3 Law and order in Egypt 3.4 Media of Egypt 3.5 Military of Egypt 3.6 Local government in Egypt 4 History of Egypt 4.1 By period 5 Culture of Egypt 5.1 Art in Egypt 5.2 Sports in Egypt 6 Economy of Egypt 7 Education in Egypt 8 Infrastructure of Egypt 9 See also 10 References 11 External links

[edit] General reference

• Pronunciation: [ˈiːdʒɪpt] (help·info)
• Common English country name: Egypt
• Official English country name: The Arab Republic of Egypt
• Common endonym(s):
• Official endonym(s):
• Adjectival(s): Egyptian
• Demonym(s):
• Etymology: Name of Egypt
• International rankings of Egypt
• ISO country codes: EG, EGY, 818
• ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:EG
• Internet country code top-level domain: .eg

[edit] Geography of Egypt

• Egypt is: a country
• Location:
  • Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
  • Africa
    • North Africa
    • Sahara Desert
  • Middle East
  • Time zone: Egypt Standard Time (UTC+02), Egypt Daylight Time (UTC+03) April–September
  • Extreme points of Egypt
    • High: Mount Catherine 2,629 m (8,625 ft)
    • Low: Qattara Depression -133 m (−436 ft)
  • Land boundaries: 2,665 km

 Sudan 1,273 km

 Libya 1,115 km

 Israel 266 km

 Palestine (Gaza) 11 km

• Coastline: 2,450 km

• Population of Egypt: 75,360,000 people (2008 estimate) - 14th most populous country
• Area of Egypt: 1,002,450 km² (387,050 sq mi) - 30th largest country
• Atlas of Egypt

[edit] Environment of Egypt

• Climate of Egypt
• Environmental issues in Egypt
• Ecoregions of Egypt
• Renewable energy in Egypt
• Geology of Egypt
• National parks of Egypt
• Protected areas of Egypt
• Wildlife of Egypt
  • Flora of Egypt
  • Fauna of Egypt
    • Birds of Egypt
    • Mammals of Egypt

[edit] Geographic features of Egypt

• Deserts of Egypt
  • Western Desert
  • Eastern Desert
• Glaciers of Egypt: none ^[2]
• Islands of Egypt
• Lakes of Egypt
• Mountains of Egypt
  • Volcanoes in Egypt
• Rivers of Egypt
  • Waterfalls of Egypt
• Valleys of Egypt
• World Heritages Sites in Egypt
• Suez Canal

[edit] Regions of Egypt

Main article: Regions of Egypt

• Nile Valley and Delta
• Western Desert (also known as the Libyan Desert)
• Eastern Desert (also known as the Arabian Desert)
• Sinai Peninsula

[edit] Ecoregions of Egypt

Main article: Ecoregions in Egypt

[edit] Administrative divisions of Egypt

Main article: Administrative divisions of Egypt

• • Governorates of Egypt (28)
    • Markazes of Egypt (166)
      • Municipalities of Egypt
        • Districts of Egypt

[edit] Governorates of Egypt

Nr.	Name	Area (km²)	Population (2006)	Capital
1	Alexandria	2,679	4,110,015	Alexandria
2	Aswan	679	1,184,432	Aswan
3	Asyut	25,926	3,441,597	Asyut
4	Beheira	10,130	4,737,129	Damanhur
5	Beni Suef	1,322	2,290,527	Beni Suef
6	Cairo	214	7,786,640	Cairo
7	Dakahlia	3,471	4,985,187	Mansura
8	Damietta	589	1,092,316	Damietta
9	Faiyum	1,827	2,512,792	Faiyum
10	Gharbia	1,942	4,010,298	Tanta
11	Giza	85,153	6,272,571	Giza
12	Ismailia	1,442	942,832	Ismailia
13	Kafr el-Sheikh	3,437	2,618,111	Kafr el-Sheikh
14	Matruh	212,112	322,341	Mersa Matruh
15	Minya	32,279	4,179,309	Minya
16	Monufia	1,532	3,270,404	Shibin el-Kom
17	New Valley	376,505	187,256	Kharga
18	North Sinai	27,574	339,752	Arish
19	Port Said	72	570,768	Port Said
20	Qalyubia	1,001	4,237,003	Banha
21	Qena	1,851	3,001,494	Qena
22	Red Sea	203,685	288,233	Hurghada
23	Sharqia	4,180	5,340,058	Zagazig
24	Sohag	1,547	3,746,377	Sohag
25	South Sinai	33,140	149,335	el-Tor
26	Suez	17,840	510,935	Suez
27	Luxor	55	451,318	Luxor
28	Helwan	n/a	n/a	Helwan
29	6th of October	n/a	n/a	6th of October City

[edit] Municipalities of Egypt

• Cities of Egypt
  • Capital of Egypt: Cairo

[edit] Demography of Egypt

Main article: Demographics of Egypt

[edit] Government and politics of Egypt

Main article: Government of Egypt and Politics of Egypt

• Form of government: Semi-presidential republic
• Capital of Egypt: Cairo

• Elections in Egypt
  • (specific elections)
• Political parties in Egypt
• Political scandals of Egypt
• Taxation in Egypt

[edit] Branches of the government of Egypt

[edit] Executive branch of the government of Egypt

• Head of state: President of Egypt
• Head of government: Prime Minister of Egypt
  • Cabinet of Egypt

[edit] Legislative branch of the government of Egypt

• Parliament of Egypt
  • Upper house: Shura Council
  • Lower house: People's Assembly of Egypt

[edit] Judicial branch of the government of Egypt

• Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt
• Court of Cassation
• Court of Appeal
• Court of First Instance
• Courts of limited jurisdiction
• Family Court

[edit] Foreign relations of Egypt

• United States-Egypt relations

[edit] International organization membership

The Arab Republic of Egypt is a member of: ^[1]

African Development Bank Group (AfDB) African Union (AU) African Union/United Nations Hybrid operation in Darfur (UNAMID) Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA) Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD) Arab Monetary Fund (AMF) Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone (BSEC) (observer) Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU) European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Group of 15 (G15) Group of 24 (G24) Group of 77 (G77) International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) International Criminal Court (ICCt) (signatory) International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol) International Development Association (IDA) International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS) International Finance Corporation (IFC) International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) International Labour Organization (ILO) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Olympic Committee (IOC) International Organization for Migration (IOM) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)

International Telecommunication Union (ITU) International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO) Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) Islamic Development Bank (IDB) League of Arab States (LAS) Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) Nonaligned Movement (NAM) Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) (partner) Organization of American States (OAS) (observer) Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC) Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) United Nations (UN) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad (MINURCAT) United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS) United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG) United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC) United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) Universal Postal Union (UPU) World Customs Organization (WCO) World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) World Health Organization (WHO) World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) World Meteorological Organization (WMO) World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) World Trade Organization (WTO)

[edit] Law and order in Egypt

Main article: Law of Egypt

• Capital punishment in Egypt
• Constitution of Egypt
• Crime in Egypt
• Human rights in Egypt
  • LGBT rights in Egypt
  • Freedom of religion in Egypt
• Law enforcement in Egypt

[edit] Media of Egypt

Main article: Media of Egypt

[edit] Military of Egypt

Main article: Military of Egypt

• Command
  • Commander-in-chief:
    • Ministry of Defence of Egypt
• Forces
  • Army of Egypt
  • Navy of Egypt
  • Air Force of Egypt
  • Special forces of Egypt
• Military history of Egypt
• Military ranks of Egypt

[edit] Local government in Egypt

[edit] History of Egypt

• Ancient Egypt
  • List of ancient Egypt topics
• Egyptian capitals throughout history
• Egyptomania
• Military history of Egypt

[edit] By period

1. History of ancient Egypt: 3100 BC to 525 BC
2. History of Achaemenid Egypt: 525 BC to 332 BC
3. History of Ptolemaic Egypt: 332 BC to 30 BC
4. History of Roman Egypt: 30 BC to AD 639
5. History of Arab Egypt: 639 to 1517
6. History of Ottoman Egypt: 1517 to 1805
7. History of Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty: 1805 to 1882
8. History of modern Egypt: since 1882

[edit] Culture of Egypt

Main article: Culture of Egypt

• Egyptians
• Architecture of Egypt
• Cuisine of Egypt
• Ethnic minorities in Egypt
• Festivals in Egypt
• Humor in Egypt
• Languages of Egypt
  • Egyptian language
• Media in Egypt
• National symbols of Egypt
  • Coat of arms of Egypt
  • Flag of Egypt
  • National anthem of Egypt
• Prostitution in Egypt
• Public holidays in Egypt
• Religion in Egypt
  • Buddhism in Egypt
  • Christianity in Egypt
  • Hinduism in Egypt
  • Islam in Egypt
  • Judaism in Egypt
  • Sikhism in Egypt
• World Heritage Sites in Egypt

[edit] Art in Egypt

• Art in Egypt (see also Art of Ancient Egypt)
• Cinema of Egypt
• Literature of Egypt
• Music of Egypt
• Television in Egypt
• Theatre in Egypt

[edit] Sports in Egypt

Main article: Sports in Egypt

• Egypt at the Olympics
• Football in Egypt

[edit] Economy of Egypt

Main article: Economy of Egypt

• Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 52nd (fifty-second)

• Agriculture in Egypt
• Communications in Egypt
• Companies of Egypt

• Currency of Egypt: Pound
  • ISO 4217: EGP

• Economic history of Egypt
• Mining in Egypt
• National Bank of Egypt
• Oil industry in Egypt
• Tourism in Egypt
• Transport in Egypt

[edit] Education in Egypt

Main article: Education in Egypt

[edit] Infrastructure of Egypt

• Communications in Egypt
  • Internet in Egypt
• Energy in Egypt
• Health care in Egypt
• Transportation in Egypt
  • Airports in Egypt
  • Highway system of Egypt
  • Rail transport in Egypt
• Water supply and sanitation in Egypt

[edit] See also

• Index of Egypt-related articles
• List of ancient Egypt topics
• List of international rankings
• List of modern Egypt-related topics
• Member state of the United Nations
• Outline of Africa
• Outline of geography

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Wikimedia Atlas of Egypt
• Eternal Egypt
• Leonard William King, History of Egypt, Chaldæa, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria in the Light of Recent Discovery, Project Gutenberg.
• Gaston Camille Charles Maspero, History of Egypt, Chaldæa, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, in 12 volumes, Project Gutenberg.
• Rural poverty in Egypt (IFAD)
• Ancient Egyptian Civilization - Aldokkan
• Encyclopaedia Britannica's Egypt Country Page
• Egyptian Government Services Portal
• Egypt State Information Services
• Egypt Information Portal - available in Arabic and English
• BBC News Country Profile - Egypt
• CIA World Factbook - Egypt
• Amnesty International's 2005 Report on Egypt.
• US State Department - Egypt includes Background Notes, Country Study and major reports
• Business Anti-Corruption Portal Egypt Country Profile
• Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports regarding Egypt
• Outline of Egypt at the Open Directory Project
• Outline of Egypt travel guide from Wikitravel
• Egypt Maps - Perry-Castañeda Map Collection
• Egyptian History (urdu)
• By Nile and Tigris, a narrative of journeys in Egypt and Mesopotamia on behalf of the British museum between the years 1886 and 1913, by Sir E. A. Wallis Budge, 1920 (a searchable facsimile at the University of Georgia Libraries; DjVu & layered PDF format)
• Egypt Online Directory
• The Egyptian Organization for Human Rights
• PortSaid Free-zone forums

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